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Caryn Elaine Johnson (born November 13, 1955),〔One source, the African American Registry, says at its (Whoopi Goldberg entry ) that she was born in 1949, citing the All Media Guide, whose AllMovie gives November 13, 1955, in its own (Whoopi Goldberg entry ).〕 better known by her stage name Whoopi Goldberg (), is an American actress, comedian, writer, social critic, and television host. She has been nominated for 13 Emmy Awards for her work in television, and is one of the few entertainers who has won an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony Award. She was the second black woman in the history of the Academy Awards to win an acting Oscar. Her breakthrough role was playing Celie, a mistreated black woman in the Deep South in the period drama film ''The Color Purple'' (1985), for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Goldberg played Oda Mae Brown, an eccentric psychic helping a slain man (Patrick Swayze) save his lover (Demi Moore), in the romantic fantasy film ''Ghost'' (1990), for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She was co-producer of the television game show ''Hollywood Squares'' from 1998 to 2002. She has been the moderator of the daytime television talk show ''The View'' since 2007. ==Early life== Goldberg was born in Manhattan and raised in the Chelsea-Elliot Houses, the daughter of Emma Johnson (née Harris; September 21, 1931 – August 29, 2010),〔https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JT28-744 accessed 8/17/2014〕 a nurse and teacher, and Robert James Johnson Jr. (March 4, 1930 – May 25, 1993), a clergyman. Most sources give her birth year as 1955, but some, like a ''New York Times'' article from 1984,〔(''New York Times'' interview ), October 21, 1984; accessed May 19, 2014.〕 cite her year of birth as 1949. Goldberg has described her mother as a "stern, strong, and wise woman" who raised her as a single mother with her brother Clyde (1949 – May 11, 2015〔http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3078915/Whoopi-Goldberg-no-View-rushes-brother-s-final-moments-dies-brain-aneurysm.html〕). Her recent forebears migrated north from Faceville, Georgia, Palatka, Florida, and Virginia. Goldberg dropped out of Washington Irving High School.〔()〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Whoopi Goldberg Biography )〕 She worked as a phone sex operator, working from home at night. Her stage name, Whoopi, was taken from a whoopee cushion; she has stated that "If you get a little gassy, you've got to let it go. So people used to say to me, 'You're like a whoopee cushion.' And that's where the name came from."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Whoopi Goldberg with Lisa Yapp )〕 The name Goldberg is an alternative family name which she says she chose to use to be taken more seriously.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=How I Got The Name Whoopi Goldberg )〕 According to an anecdote told by Nichelle Nichols in the documentary film ''Trekkies'' (1997), a young Goldberg was watching ''Star Trek'', and upon seeing Nichols' character Uhura, exclaimed, "Momma! There's a black lady on TV and she ain't no maid!" This spawned lifelong fandom of ''Star Trek'' for Goldberg, who would eventually ask for and receive a recurring guest-starring role on ''Star Trek: The Next Generation''. Between the years of 1979 and 1981, she lived in East Germany, working in a number of theater productions. During her travels, she would smuggle various items into the country for the artists she stayed with.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Maher, Hitchens Goldberg on Communism, Socialism and Capitalism )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Whoopi Goldberg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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